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Strange History · Dreams, signals and riddles

Abraham Lincoln's dream of his own death

A friend of Abraham Lincoln wrote that, days before he was shot, Lincoln described a dream of a corpse in the White House and a soldier saying the President had been killed by an assassin.

EvidenceDocumentedLamon's 1895 book and Welles's diary are real records; the White House dream rests on Lamon alone, written about 30 years later, and its timing does not fit Lincoln's travels.
What this means

For Abraham Lincoln's dream of his own death, the original record exists and is linked: Ward Hill Lamon, Recollections of Abraham Lincoln, 1847 to 1865, edited by Dorothy Lamon…. That tells you the record is real and what it says. It does not mean every claim in it is true.

Primary records exist: an original document, a published text, an official file or a dated report. We link to them. This level says the record exists and what it says, not that every claim in it is true.

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Strangest fact

In a dream Lincoln is said to have told days before his death, a soldier in the East Room says the President was killed by an assassin. Weeks later Lincoln lay in state in that room.

Why it is odd: The story fits his death almost too well, and it surfaced only in 1895, 30 years later, from one friend's memory.

Abraham Lincoln was shot at Ford's Theatre in Washington on the night of April 14, 1865, and died the next morning. Afterward his body lay in the East Room of the White House on a catafalque, which is a raised stand that holds a coffin at a funeral. Thirty years later, a book claimed that Lincoln had dreamed this exact scene shortly before he died.

The book was Recollections of Abraham Lincoln, 1847 to 1865, by Ward Hill Lamon, Lincoln's old friend from Illinois who later guarded him in Washington. Lamon died in 1893, and the book was edited by his daughter, Dorothy Lamon, and published in 1895. Lamon wrote that he told the story from notes which I made immediately after its recital, and that only two or three people, including Mary Lincoln, were in the room.

In Lamon's version, Lincoln said that about ten days ago he went to bed late after waiting for news from the army. In the dream he heard sobbing, walked through the White House and reached the East Room, where soldiers guarded a body whose face was covered. He asked one of them who was dead. The President, the soldier answered, he was killed by an assassin! Lamon adds that Lincoln later joked about it, saying that in the dream it was not him but some other fellow who was killed.

A second dream is better recorded. Gideon Welles, Lincoln's Secretary of the Navy, kept a diary. In his entry about the cabinet meeting on April 14, 1865, the day Lincoln was shot, Welles wrote that Lincoln described a dream he had the night before, a dream he said he had before many big events of the war. Welles recorded that Lincoln seemed to be in some singular, indescribable vessel, and that he was moving with great rapidity towards an indefinite shore. Lincoln guessed it meant news from General Sherman's army. He was shot that night.

Historians treat the two stories differently. The Welles account was written down at the time. The White House dream appears only in Lamon's book, three decades later, and no known letter or diary from 1865 mentions it. Historians Don and Virginia Fehrenbacher, who studied which reported Lincoln quotations can be trusted, pointed out a problem with the timing: Lincoln was away visiting the army from late March until April 9, so he was not in the White House waiting for dispatches about ten days before he died.

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Sources

  1. Project GutenbergThe oldest digital library, started in 1971, with more than 70,000 free e-books whose copyright has run out. Volunteers type and check the texts against printed editions.Ward Hill Lamon, Recollections of Abraham Lincoln, 1847 to 1865, edited by Dorothy Lamon (1895), chapter on dreams and presentiments, Project GutenbergPrimary text
  2. Internet ArchiveA nonprofit digital library in San Francisco, founded in 1996, that holds millions of scanned books, papers and recordings. A scan there shows the pages of a real printed book or document.Diary of Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy under Lincoln and Johnson, volume 2 (1911), entry for April 14, 1865, Internet ArchivePrimary text
  3. Mr. Lincoln's Office: Final Cabinet Meeting, Mr. Lincoln's White House (Lehrman Institute)Reference
  4. Premonition of Death, Ask a Historian, TeachingHistory.org (Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media)Reference
  5. America's relic: The story of the Lincoln catafalque, National Constitution CenterReference

Quotations come from public-domain translations. Links open the free online copy or the reference page.

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