Every claim on this site comes from a credible source, and the source is always shown so you can check it yourself. How we check
Credible Theories Surprise me
India · Samarangana Sutradhara, chapter 31

Mechanical birds with mercury engines

EvidenceDocumentedThe text exists and is quoted from a published translation. What it describes is a separate question.
What this means

Primary records exist: an original document, a published text, an official file or a dated report. We link to them. This level says the record exists and what it says, not that every claim in it is true.

See all five labels

ReferenceSamarangana Sutradhara, chapter 31
Writtenc. 1000–1055 CE
SetWritten as a technical manual
The book describes wooden machines (yantras), including a flying bird of light wood driven by mercury heated in its body. It refuses to give the full method, saying the details are kept secret so they are not misused.

Summary by the editors. Translation: Summary in my own words

Read it literally

A real medieval text that deliberately leaves out the key step.

What scholars say

A real medieval architecture book by King Bhoja of Dhar.

People and places hereKing Bhoja

Quick answers about Samarangana Sutradhara, chapter 31

Where is Samarangana Sutradhara, chapter 31 found?

Samarangana Sutradhara, chapter 31 (India). Translation quoted: Summary in my own words.

When was Samarangana Sutradhara, chapter 31 written?

c. 1000–1055 CE.

What do scholars say about Samarangana Sutradhara, chapter 31?

A real medieval architecture book by King Bhoja of Dhar.

Sources

    Scholarly dates are rounded. The wording follows the named public-domain translation.

    Updated