Credible Theories
Enoch, Jubilees and others · 1 Enoch 10:4–12

Azazel bound in the desert

Reference1 Enoch 10:4–12
Writtenc. 300–200 BCE
SetJust before the Flood
Bind Azazel hand and foot, and cast him into the darkness: and make an opening in the desert, which is in Dudael, and cast him therein. And place upon him rough and jagged rocks.

Translation: R. H. Charles, 1917

Read it literally

Prisoners held underground in a real place, for seventy generations. Count seventy generations from Enoch and ask what happens when the sentence ends.

What scholars say

Links to the scapegoat 'for Azazel' in Leviticus 16.

From the sky Giants and hybrids

Quick answers about 1 Enoch 10:4–12

Where is 1 Enoch 10:4–12 found?

1 Enoch 10:4–12 (Enoch, Jubilees and others). Translation quoted: R. H. Charles, The Book of Enoch (SPCK, 1917; first ed. 1912).

When was 1 Enoch 10:4–12 written?

c. 300–200 BCE.

What do scholars say about 1 Enoch 10:4–12?

Links to the scapegoat 'for Azazel' in Leviticus 16.

Rabbit holes in this passage

BeingAzazelA name from the Day of Atonement ritual that became the Watcher who taught humanity weapons, metalwork and makeup.PersonEnochThe man who 'walked with God: and he was not; for God took him,' and who became the hero of an entire library of visions.

Sources

  1. R. H. Charles, The Book of Enoch (SPCK, 1917; first ed. 1912)Primary text
  2. 1 Enoch 8:1–3; 10:4–8, trans. R. H. Charles, The Book of Enoch (1917)Primary text
  3. Genesis 5:18–24, King James VersionPrimary text

Scholarly dates are rounded. The wording follows the named public-domain translation.

Updated